Mestrado em Geografia - PPGG

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https://repositorio.ufcat.edu.br/handle/tede/72

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A diversidade do trabalho por conta própria no Brasil: precarização e autonomia
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2021-03-11) Santos, Jean Silveira dos; Stacciarini, José Henrique Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5680478193722989; Stacciarini, José Henrique Rodrigues; Silva, Magda Valéria da; Avelar, Gilmar Alves de
The objective of this master's research is to understand the diversity of self-employment in Brazil, above all, due to the precariousness and autonomy aspect. Its specific objectives are to understand the reasons that lead to the need for self-employment in Brazil; analyze how these informal works are developed and organized; investigate under what social context workers are inserted in these activities and understand which political strategies are considered to combat precarious and atypical jobs. It is known that the productive restructuring of capitalism significantly impacted the Brazilian labor market in the 1980s and, since then, the growth of the so-called informal sector has been noted along with the precariousness of formal work. In this sense, many workers excluded from the formal sector perceived, in informality, a possibility of support and autonomy. Based on this logic, self-employment is presented as an alternative, it is perceived as a territorial expression and part of urban daily life, where many workers seek to meet their needs and goals. The present geographic research is of a qualitative nature and is characterized by a bibliographic review in different areas of knowledge, by authors and authors from the “world of work”. This time, some questions are fundamental for the construction of the dissertation chapters, namely: what personal reasons and structural reasons drive the need for self-employment, in the reality of the Brazilian working class? How is the organization of the different works on its own account, from a strategic point of view? In what context are these workers inserted, considering the absence of protective labor laws and what are the policies that seek to face possible and relative social fragility? Seeking to answer these questions, the master's thesis is divided into three chapters. The first chapter presents a discussion on the reality of unemployment and low wages as aspects that compel or motivate workers to work on their own; the second chapter talks about how these works are carried out and organized, highlighting the possibility of a relatively low investment, the use of Information and Communication Technology in individualized work and family work; the third chapter concerns the vulnerability of work and self-employed workers, in addition to analyzing some policies to combat precarious work and promote work that is said to be decent from the perspective of the United Nations.
Fazendo feiras e tecendo estórias de vida: feira livre e reprodução camponesa na praça Duque de Caxias em Catalão (GO)
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-05-18) Resende, Cristiany Barbosa Ferreira; Mendonça, Marcelo Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2930978785634948; Mendonça, Marcelo Rodrigues; Matos, Patrícia Francisca de; Avelar, Gilmar Alves de
The present research aims to understand the market peasants who work at the fair that takes place in Duque de Caxias square, while social actors who in open markets seek a form of peasant social reproduction. To achieve this goal, a methodology was initially drawn up that was based on qualitative research, being divided into theoretical, documentary research and field visits with application of interview scripts. Thus, analyzes and reflections on previous periods were carried out to understand the history of the peasants and the transformations resulting from the territorial modernizations resulting from the capitalist advance in Brazil. Consequently, the aim was to historicize the free markets that show themselves as an important commercialization channel for peasant production, providing income for the family unit, being relevant to ensure peasant reproduction and its ways of Existing. It is understood that open markets are forms of trade, in which there is the possibility of exchanging and marketing surplus production. This type of trade has several forms of relationships, from those established between buyer and seller, to relationships of friendship and trust. Thus, free markets are present throughout Brazil, Goiás and in the city of Catalão (GO). In Catalão, there are seven (7) fairs that take place in neighborhoods in the Urban Perimeter and have different organization and spatial configurations. One of these fairs being the object of this research, the same happens on Sunday at Duque de Caxias square. At this fair there is the presence of peasant farmers, selling peasant production, middlemen and street vendors selling technological and similar products. For this reason, it is stated that this fair witnesses the (dis) encounter of the traditional and the modern. However, there is a predominance of market peasants who seek to obtain income for the consumption of goods and goods that are not produced in their production units. However, carrying out the activity of farmer peasants can mean something beyond the economic gain that, according to the testimonies, means the continuity of family work, the meeting and socializing with its customers and diverse sociability. It also means fighting for improvements that bring customers to the fair, which is why they claim that the municipal government should adapt the infrastructure and support its demands. Thus, at the fair in Duque de Caxias square, there are several stories and stories of peasants who seek the conditions of Existence.
Imigração e trabalho na empresa John Deere / Catalão - GO (1999-2016)
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018-07-11) Ferreira, Glaycon Felix; Silva, Ronaldo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4233037362951125; Silva, Ronaldo; Avelar, Gilmar Alves de; Stacciarine, José Henrique
This work is the result of a research carried out in the company John Deere, located in the city of Catalão (GO), the same emphasizes the immigration and the work within the company and its reflexes in the local society. It was sought to identify the immigration occurred in the city, with a specific focus on the workers of this multinational, between the years of 1999-2016. Through the theoretical research, information was obtained that allowed to verify in detail the conditioning factors of the immigration, and the existence of a contingent of immigrant workers in the development of the state of Goiás through the industrialization that occurred in their region. The results demonstrate that the target firm is a sizeable contractor of skilled immigrant labor in the region. In order to respond to the objectives proposed by the research and to advance the necessary understanding of the object of study, the work was structured in three chapters, which described, in a logical and succinct way, the understanding of this immigration phenomenon that took place at John Deere. The first chapter dealt with immigration, with a theoretical approach to its ways. In the second chapter, the trajectory of the immigrants to Catalão is elaborated, portraying the development of immigration in Brazilian territory, together with the demographic formation of the city. In the third chapter we present the empirical research with many data from the workers supplied by the John Deere company, as well as the workers themselves. It seeks to understand the real conditions of migrant workers in Catalan, after this last chapter, follow the final considerations, highlighting the closure of the ideas of this research, linking everything that was presented in the course of the text with the results obtained from it.
Organização e intensificação do trabalho no espaço fabril: doenças x qualidade de vida na montadora da Mitsubishi do Brasil em Catalão (GO) – 2009/2013
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-06-10) Marques, Gislei Lemes; Stacciarini, José Henrique Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5680478193722989; Stacciarini, José Henrique Rodrigues; Avelar, Gilmar Alves de; Silva, Ronaldo
This research has an objective to study the organization of work within the automobile factory. Since specific references on the subject. In order to understand the pathways realized in recent years, especially, recent studies on the Brazilian automakers. In this sense, the research divides it between theoretical research and empirical research, and, so, it directs partially understand the daily life lived by the workers of Mitsubishi of Brazil in Catalão, as well as, the negative consequences that the organization of work can cause workers involved in existing production processes within the automaker. Consequently damaging, points it up the need to highlight the disease developed in the workers, in a silently way a prolonged period of repetitive and degrading work. That still holds the Mitsubishi of Brazil in Catalão, considering that still uses the model of Taylorism / Fordist production that interconnects with aspects of Toyotism, mainly in the forms of "capture of subjectivity”. A methodological course, it is also objective of the research work with oral interviews. While this is the central source to understand the daily reality of workers from their experiences on the industry floor. Whereas, in interviews, seeks to primarily understand the worker's suffering ill at work and in many cases even have the recognition of the disease, as an occupational accident should be registered in the Social Security Institute (INSS). So that assured them certain rights, including permanence of a year on the job, guaranteed in the social security legislation. Thus, the lack of recognition, which has become common in business, takes rights workers and entrepreneurs, the obligation to take care of them throughout their treatment. Therefore, work-related diseases are closely related to the form of work organization that seeks to enhance the working operations to limit the physical conditions of workers through a "hard work" and a "flexible speech". That get to take over almost everything that the worker has to offer, through the involvement of techniques developed that get to integrate the worker in such a way that he becomes, in most cases, an advocate of the company's interests. It adds further that the research is divided into three chapters structured in theoretical and empirical research that seeks dialogue with the authors on the organization of work in the factory space and some points on productive restructuring, beyond an interdependent discussion on the influence of industrial location in the process of intensification of work operations. It also stresses up is the use of the answered questionnaires by employees of Mitsubishi of Brazil in Catalão, transformed into charts and graphs in seeking to express from the organization and intensification of work loss in the quality of life of workers.
Políticas públicas educacionais: a reestruturação produtiva do capital e o pacto pela educação em Catalão Goiás
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2015-03-31) Alves, Cleudimar Rosa; Costa, Carmem Lúcia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2260768637895317; Costa, Carmem Lúcia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2260768637895317; Belo, Fernanda ferreira; Avelar, Gilmar Alves de
The dissertation whose theme is " Public Educational Policies: productive restructuring of capital and the Education Pact in Catalão-Goiás”, justified the choice in reason of practice experiences this research, of teaching and performance in the union in the state public context before and during the implementation of “Education Pact”. Besides, the theme suits characteristics of search line Labor and Social Movements of Strictu Sensu Master's Degree Program of the Federal University of Goiás/Regional Catalão. The main objective of the research is to identify and understand the changes occurred in the world of work in capitalist society. As a function of productive restructuring of capital focusing on coping of Union of Workers in Goiás Education (UWGO), from Public Policy Education implemented by the government of Goiás in 2011, called “Education Pact: a better future requires changes”. Which is based on five pillars: 1) enhance and strengthen the professional education; 2) adopt teaching practices with high impact in student learning; 3) significantly reduce the educational inequality; 4) structure recognition system and merit pay; and 5) perform thorough reform in the management and infrastructure of the state school system. Pillars that were be analyzed during the research, including issues such as: What changes have occurred in the educational context from Education Pact? How relations did territorialize between the governor and the workers by the state public of teaching and the Union of Workers in Goiás Education (UWGO). To systematize these and other questions about the chosen subject, authors and works that deal with the subject were used, to achieve a theoretical foundation, as regards the literature, interviews and structured questionnaires to conduct field research, involving teachers from the state public school by Catalão-GO. In the field research were realized 7 (seven) interviews and answered 30 (thirty) questionnaires by education workers of the state public school by Catalão-GO. In research of additional sources were made queries the available data on the websites of SINTEGO (UWGO) and State Department of Education (SEDUC). Besides, thirty (30) visits to state public schools to examine the infrastructure of these school units.
Território e identidade: indígenas Kaixana na comunidade São Francisco de Tonantins/Tonantins (AM)
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017-06-05) Lima, Suzana Carvalho; Mendonça, Marcelo Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2930978785634948; Mendonça, Marcelo Rodrigues; Chaveiro, Eguimar Felício; Avelar, Gilmar Alves de
This academic research was developed in the Postgraduate Program in Geography of the Federal University of Goiás - Regional Catalão and its premise is to understand the articulation among the used space (territory) and the construction of identity by the Kaixana natives in Tonantins, a city located in the mesoregion of the Southwest Amazonian. The study performed presents the relationship of the territory with the construction of the Kaixana identity through access to the public policies to the"indigenous inhabitant” of the São Francisco de Tonantins Community. The interest in the subject arises from the observations and inquiries about the self-identification of the Kaixana group and the process of territorial demarcation, causing disputes over the domination and appropriation of the area by the indigenous and non-indigenous peoples. The research was developed through qualitative and quantitative methodologies. It’s been assumed that the majority of the community is composed of indigenous people, although many do not accept this identity and even question when they are identified as such, strongly denying the status of being indigenous. Meanwhile, after the arrival of public policies for the indigenous territories, many began to accept the nomenclature in order to have access to them. In this sense, this Dissertation aims to: Understand the identity production in the construction of the Kaixana indigenous territory in the São Francisco de Tonantins Community. Throughout the results, an attempt is made to establish an approach on the situation of indigenous people, demonstrating that the construction of socially materialized ethnic identity in the community territory allows access to public policies through self-identification of the group, an element that is constituted from the perspective of social and political policies. In this sense, this dissertation aims to analyze the use of territory in the dynamics of the affirmation of ethnic identity as a territorial element for access to public policies. The research is structured in two phases: bibliographical, to identify the authors that approach the theme in order to build a theoretical framework to subsidize the reading and interpretation of the phenomenon under analysis; and a research in secondary sources, such as: National Indian Foundation (FUNAI); Kaixana de Tonantins Indigenous Organization (OPIKT); and others. The indigenous population of this study seeks to access social policies in the São Francisco Community by means of self-identification and seeks through their self-identification, access to indigenous rights in the territory in which they are inserted, presenting their socio-cultural practices through their manifestations and experiences. Ultimately, have we questioned the movement seeking for access to the public policies to rescue and build an indigenous identity? We believe so. This is one of the challenges of this research.
Trabalho doméstico: avanços e desafios no início do século XXI para as empregadas domésticas na cidade de Catalão - Goiás
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016-04-15) Silva, Sueley Luana da; Costa, Carmem Lúcia da; Costa, Carmem Lúcia; Silva, Susana Maria Velada da; Avelar, Gilmar Alves de; Silva, Magda Valéria da; Lima, Valdivino Borges de
The contemporary urban space is a product of history, of social struggles, labor relations and public policy. It is noticed that there are several political and economic agents, intertwined gender, race and social class that contribute to the perpetuation of exploitation and discrimination of various working in space - such as maids. Therefore, in this research, it is recognized that domestic workers are among the working with lower purchasing power, with the worst pay and, to be mostly women, with lower wages than men, since the value of women's labor force is produced by patriarchy as being of less value, which, in fact, influence the use and appropriation of urban space. To realize this reality, we interviewed ten maids in the city of Catalan (GO), recognizing the social and spatial segregation experienced daily by these workers in the early twenty-first century, after the Constitutional Amendment No. 72, 2013, which expanded the class of the employed domestics certain rights that were already enjoyed by others the working Street. In this sense, while this regulation brought rights arising from the employment relationship also led to an increase in working hours to eight hours, intensifying the exploitation of the labor force, which impacts on the health of domestic workers, which, on the double and triple journey of everyday work, suffer from pain caused by physical stress and repetitive movements and boosted the migration of domestic workers to part-time work, the contractors of cleaning and sanitizing, and informal, of diarist in Given the need to reconcile work activity with home chores. Thus, for the realization of this thesis, we make use of field research and literature review of some authors who discuss domestic labor, space and patriarchal relations and gender, as Abramo (2007), Antunes (1991), Costa ( 2013), Harvey (1992), Hirata (2007), Marx (2013), walnut (2006), Ratts (2003), Saffioti (2013), Santos (1996) Scott (1995), Smith (2009), among others. In this bias, this study is a contribution to the debate, with the society and academia, about the working conditions and relations of the maids in the city of Catalan (GO), including their socio-spatial relations, which did not have many changes at the beginning of XXI century, even after the Constitutional Amendment No. 72, 2013.
Transferência de tecnologias e impactos socioambientais no campo: um estudo da atuação de políticas desenvolvimentistas para os “territórios rurais”
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017-03-16) Oliveira, Fábio Borges de; Orlando, Paulo Henrique Kingma; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7942805833197424; Orlando, Paulo Henrique Kingma; Oliveira, Adriano Rodrigues de; Avelar, Gilmar Alves de
This study aims to address the context of the construction and application of scientific/technological knowledge considering teaching activities, research and extension culminating in the transfer of technologies to agricultural production with a view to assessing the rural sustainability and autonomy of the subjects involved with the productive activity. Thus, it highlights the importance of techniques for the construction and appropriation of the geographic space in constant transformation in the landscape and the formation of the territory, from the colonial exploitation during the sixteenth century to the present day,also highlighting the crucial policies that acted in that process. Strating from the beginning of the history with the european invasion on the continent, academic approaches show an irresponsible appropriation of the resources, leaving traces of environmental destruction, species extinction, soil degradation, destruction of streams and springs and expulsion of the subject peasants and traditional peoples of their land. Even today, with all the scientific and technological knowledge to reduce the adverse effects of human actions on the environment, the unbridled exploitation continues impacting negatively on resources by a shortsighted productivism, feeding the capital flows in the territory. It aims to know the use of the techniques of social and environmental commitment and policies for the market. Besides of the bibliography and accessed documents, interviews were made, photographs and sectoral notes were taken in one of Brazil’s most productive regions, located in the Central West Region, in an area delimited by public policy known as "Território Rural da Estrada de Ferro em Goiás" covering 14 counties of which data were collected and analysed, showing clearly that although it is possible to produce in a sustainable manner, even with important actions carried out, the geographic space still has been built and appropriated with irresponsible exploitation activities

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