Utilização do óleo de pequi como coletor na microflotação de apatita
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Data
2014-11-07
Autores
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
Pequi is an abundant fruit in the states that have the main phosphate concentration areas in
Brazil. Fatty acids are substances that act as collectors in the phosphate flotation, and are
present in vegetable oils. Pequi being an oleaginous fruit, its potential as a collector can be
valued and explored in the region. In this context, this study aimed to apply the pequi’s oil,
extracted from white and yellow pulp of the fruit, in apatite’s froth flotation, verifying its
potential to be used as collector. This Brazilian fruit is rich in fatty acids with
predominance of oleic and palmitic acids. For the white pulp (outer mesocarp) application,
extraction procedures were performed using Soxhlet extractor, and subsequently was
executed the separation of the solvent present in the extract. The yellow pulp (inner
mesocarp) oil was obtained at Goiânia’s Central Market, and was produced by a
specialized company. The pequi’s yellow pulp oil was subjected to chemical
characterization, with the determination of its acidity, saponification, iodine and
determination of unsaponifiable matter. The verification of this oil performance as
collector was performed using microflotation in Hallimond tube, by varying the
concentration of the collector and the pH of the solution. The microflotation was
performed with samples of pure apatite. The mineral was subjected to chemical
characterization and determination of density by pycnometry. Besides pequi’s oil, tests
were performed with Flotigam 5806 collector, from the company Clariant, which was used
as a comparative parameter. The collectors were previously submitted to alkaline
hydrolysis (saponification) for its application in froth flotation. The microflotation results
were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance - ANOVA, checking if the pH and
concentration factors influenced mineral recoveries. It was observed that the white pulp
extract was not effective in apatite’s froth flotation. It is believed that the methods of
extraction and refining were not efficient to obtain the fatty acids present in this pulp.
Pequi’s yellow pulp oil obtained high recoveries of apatite in microflotation tests, similar
to the results of the industrial collector used as a parameter. Therefore, saponified pequi’s
oil can be an alternative collector being applied on the froth flotation of phosphate
minerals.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Óleo de pequi, Coletor, Apatita, Microflotação, Pequi’s oil, Collector, Apatite, Microflotation
Citação
SILVA, T. C. Utilização do óleo de pequi como coletor na microflotação de apatita. 2014. 120 f. Dissertação (Mestrado Profissional em Gestão Organizacional) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Catalão, 2014.