Análise técnica do potencial do óleo de Pinhão manso (Jatropha Curcas L.) como coletor na flotação de minerais
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Data
2017-06-01
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
Brazilian soils present acidity and in some parts are deficient in nutrients such as Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P) and Potassium (K). For the soil to be arable it is indispensable the artificial fertilization. Brazil is known worldwide for being a major producer of grains, according to the National Company of Supply (CONAB), assuming the position of the second largest soybean producer in the world in the harvest years 2015/2016. Apatite is the main natural source of phosphorus recognized as a raw material for the manufacture of fertilizers. The origin of the phosphate rock in Brazil is predominantly igneous, presenting a mineralogy containing silicate and carbonate mineral particles. Due to these gangue minerals present in the phosphate rock the flotation process becomes indispensable during the processing, to separate the apatite from the contaminants and to obtain the minimum level of impurities so that the fertilizers are produced to the required specifications. The difficult separation of the silica-carbonate ores from apatite occurs in the similarity of surface chemistry. The collecting reagent is used in the flotation process to aid in the separation of barley ores, in which the fatty acids, among them the saponified fatty acids, are those traditionally used, and the fatty acids obtained from vegetable or animal oil are matter Collector master prime. Jatropha curcas L., known as jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.), has been arousing national interest in recent years because it is a species with excellent oil quality. The cultivation of this oleaginous species occurs in several Brazilian regions, is a perennial plant and resistant to several variations of soil and climate. Jatropha stands out for the production capacity of its oil, which reaches 50% of its seeds, and for the lipid composition rich in fatty acids; Its major acids are linoleic, oleic, and palmitic. This study aims to evaluate the selectivity of the jatropha oil used as collector in the apatite, calcite and quartz flotation. And to be used as a collector the jatropha oil was characterized and tested in two methods of saponification, and the plant species was saponified at a temperature of approximately 90 oC so that in the other method the oil was saponified at room temperature. The mineral samples were chemically analyzed by X-ray fluorescence, scanning electron microscope (SEM) images, X-ray dispersive energy (EDS) spectrometry and potential zeta measurements. The test conditions were obtained using the concentrations of 1.0; 2.5; 5.0; 7.5; 10.0 mg / L in pH's 8, 9 and 10. In order to evaluate the performance of saponified jatropha oil, tests were carried out under the same conditions with the industrial collector FLOTIGAM 5806 from Clariant. The results show that cold saponified jatropha oil (PMSF) was better than hot saponified jatropha oil (PMSQ) and, when compared to the Flotigam, the results showed a similar performance. The PMSF and PMSQ collectors showed selectivity for apatite and calcite and for quartz collectors did not achieve significant recovery of the mineral. Thus, it can be concluded that jatropha oil as a collector has a potential for apatite flotation.
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Palavras-chave
Microflotação, Apatita, Saponificação, Óleo de pinhão manso, Microflotation, Apatite, Saponification, Jatropha curcas L.
Citação
MORAES, Izabela Letícia Almeida de. Análise técnica do potencial do óleo de Pinhão manso (Jatropha Curcas L.) como coletor na flotação de minerais. 2017. 100 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Gestão Organizacional) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Catalão, 2017.