Uso do solo e conversão vegetacional: a perda da biodiversidade em dois fragmentos de cerrado Stricto Sensu no município de Goiandira (GO)
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Data
2017-04-24
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
The Cerrado Biome is characterized by its heterogeneous landscape, in which it enables
significant natural and social mechanisms that contribute to the maintenance of important
ecological processes. However, it is not understood as Natural Patrimony, nor even evidenced
by the biodiversity that constitutes it. As a consequence, it became territory for the
agricultural cradle that was fomented by public policies of the Federal Government, from the
decade of 1930. Since then the unsustainable exploration has been expanding, implying
diverse environmental impacts. The diagnosis made during this research reiterates that the
main socioeconomic activities developed in the city of Goiandira (GO) fit exactly in the above
mentioned perspectives. The construction of its economic bases is closely related to the
conversion of native vegetation by cultivars. In addition, it was observed in the study of land
use and occupation of the municipality that the cultivated pasture classes, planting of crops
and areas with central pivots, together added up to 38.04%, while the native vegetation Is
conserved basically in the areas of permanent preservation, with low occurrence in soil areas
suitable for cultivation. This information subsided and guided the field research composed by
the floristic and phytosociological survey of two areas of Cerrado Stricto Sensu, in which,
together with the floristic richness of 1,366 individuals, distributed in 48 species and 25
botanical families in 2ha. The Shannon index (H ') found for this research (3.15) was lower
than the average presented in other studies in Cerrado Stricto Sensu areas of Central Brazil.
The low similarity between the study areas (0.39%) point to the divergences both from the
point of view of species composition and the patterns of abundance of their populations
resulting from anthropic management in area B. Thus, It is believed that agricultural activities
exert one of the greatest environmental pressures due to the inadequate use of natural
resources that promote intense environmental degradation through the destruction of habitat
and potentially useful species. In view of all this context of extinction of genetic diversity,
caused by anthropic activities that drive the decline of biodiversity and the failure of natural
potential, it becomes necessary to understand the structure and functioning of plant
communities, as well as to subsidize, elaborate and execute Mechanisms that enable and
reconcile landscape conservation with economic development.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Biodiversidade, Uso do solo, Conversão vegetacional, Goiandira (GO), Biodiversity, Use of the soil, Vegetative conversion
Citação
TRISTÃO, M. C. Uso do solo e conversão vegetacional: a perda da biodiversidade em dois fragmentos de cerrado Stricto Sensu no município de Goiandira (GO). 2017. 187 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Geografia) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Catalão, 2017.