Estado, república e educação no Brasil: os princípios constitutivos da escola pública no ensino secundário 1889-1910
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Data
2020-04-09
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
This research aims to discuss the constitutive principles of public secondary education in the First Republic, inserted in the field of History of Education. The First Republic had as its ideal the patriotic formation of its citizens to build the new nation. Education was used as a tool to achieve this ideal. The duality was present at the two levels of education, primary and secondary, who had a different target audience for instruction and performance in the job market. The general objective that guided the research was to understand how the constitutive principles of the public school were established in the educational legislation of secondary education in the period from 1889 to 1910. And, as specific objectives, to understand the concept of State, Republic and, the vision that there was education, as well as, the constitutive principles of the Western public school in the 18th and 19th centuries; understand how the Brazilian Republic was organized at the end of the 19th century, as well as its vision of education; to analyze the Benjamin Constant and Epitácio Pessoa Reforms, in order to identify how and, if, the constitutive principles were established and thought for the public secondary school, as well as their meanings in the official document. The research uses educational laws of the time as a source to answer the guiding question: how were the constitutive principles of universalization, nationalization, secularism, gratuitousness and mandatory nature present in the organization of secondary education in the Benjamin Constant Reformation and in the Epitácio Pessoa Reformation? From the dialogue with the sources, successive questions were asked: What is the State model responsible for organizing Brazil in the 19th century? What government regime was adopted and how did it act? What is the role of education in the context and reality of the 19th century in Brazil? In the methodological field, we are based on historical documentary and bibliographic research. The theoretical foundation was supported by the History of Education. The conclusion of the research leads to affirm that the constitutive principles of the Brazilian public school, were not thought for the secondary education. Since, this level of education was not accessible to everyone, therefore, it was neither universal nor mandatory. It was public and the responsibility of the State, therefore, secular, however, fees were charged, violating the principle of gratuity.
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História da educação, Princípios constitutivos, Políticas educacionais, Ensino secundário, Estado moderno, History of education, Constitutive principles, Educational policies, High school, Modern
Citação
ROTA, Daniely Pereira Naves. Estado, república e educação no Brasil: os princípios constitutivos da escola pública no ensino secundário 1889-1910. 2020. 125 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Educação) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Catalão, 2020.