Mestrado em Química - PPGQ

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Navegando Mestrado em Química - PPGQ por Assunto "Água"

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    Análise qualitativa da água do Ribeirão Samambaia em Catalão (GO)
    (Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018-08-21) Souza, Alynne Lara de; Sarmento, Antover Panazzolo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4025685702530313; Santos, Maria Rita de Cássia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2598029192393541; Santos, Maria Rita de Cássia; Sarmento, Antover Panazzolo; Paiva, Ed Carlos Rosa; Coelho, Luciana Melho
    The present study had as objective to analyze qualitatively by means of physical and chemical parameters Ribeirão Samambaia in the municipality of Catalão (GO). In this work the following parameters were taken as reference: Dissolved Oxygen, Hydrogenion Potential, Temperature, Conductivity, Turbidity, Total Solids, Acidity, Alkalinity, Ammoniacal Nitrogen, Nitrite, Nitrate, Phosphorus, Chloride, Sulphate, Hardness and Hexavalent Chromium. For the analyzes of dissolved oxygen, hydrogenation potential, temperature, conductivity, turbidity and total solids, thirteen campaigns of 10/2016 to 02/2018 were performed. Analyzes of Acidity, Alkalinity, Ammoniacal Nitrogen, Nitrite, Nitrate, Phosphorus, Chloride, Sulphate, Hardness and Chrome were carried out six campaigns from 06/2017 to 02/2018. It was also collected from 11/2017 to 02/2018 sediments in the same points and was carried out the grain size test, EDX and XRD technique. Based on the results, it was verified that, in relation to the parameters: OD, pH, Nitrate, Nitrite, Sulphate, Phosphorus, Hardness, Chlorides the results were within the limits established by Resolution 357 (CONAMA, 2005) for class 1. The parameters of alkalinity and acidity do not present limits for their quantities, but indicate the buffering capacity for acids and bases in Ribeirão water. In the resolution also are not established values for temperature, however it influences in diverse chemical reactions. The turbidity values in the December and February campaigns exceeded the limit range established by Resolution and the chromium presented results below the limit of detection. The granulometric classification of the Ribeirao Samambaia sediments was characterized by the sand fraction. The average concentrations of the chemical species of sediments determined by EDX were similar in points 1 and 2, highlighting the high values for Si, Fe, Al and P. By the XRD analysis, the predominance of silicon oxide was observed. IQACCME presented a "Good" track on both points, with a score of 92 on P1 and 89 on P2. The only parameter that failed was turbidity in the collections of December 2017 and February 2018, which influenced the classification of the Samambaia stream.
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    Metodologias de preparo de amostras e quantificação de metais pesados em sedimentos do Ribeirão Samambaia, Catalão-GO, empregando Espectrometria de Absorção Atômica
    (Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014-01-27) Mesquita, Glenda Máris; Coelho, Luciana Melo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0074807107314789; Coelho, Luciana Melo; Eiras, Sebastião de Paula; Andrade, Leonardo Santos
    Ensuring water quantity and quality for all human beings has been a very discussed topic nowadays. The River Samambaia, watershed that supplies the city of Catalão, has been suffering with anthropogenic actions and the consequences of human intervention. To evaluate the quality of water may be used: water, particulates and sludge. The sediments can store dangerous substances and then can act as a secondary source of pollution by releasing contaminants into the aquatic environment. Within this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the potential for contamination and the quality of the River Samambaia, located in Catalão-GO. For this, samples of water and sediment were collected at seven sampling sites along the river and the metals arsenic, cadmium, lead, chromium, manganese and nickel, which are considered toxic, were quantified. Was also performed, on the sampling sites, the analysis of physico-chemical water parameters: pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, temperature and salinity. For the extraction of metals fixed in the sediment samples was employed three methods of opening: ultrasound assisted extraction, digestion in digester block and microwave digestion. The quantification of metals was done by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry, by Flame or by Electrothermal Atomization in Graphite Furnace. The three methods opening samples used were effective, but the microwave digestion excelled in all cases. Among the physico-chemical parameters analyzed, pH showed values outside those permitted by law in all sampling points and dissolved oxygen showed the value below allowed only in point 7. In measurements of metals in water samples, cadmium, lead and chromium showed concentrations above the maximum allow by CONAMA. Already for the quantification of metals in the sediment samples, only chromium showed a concentration above the permitted limits. The results presented here indicate that human activities carried out in the river have contributed to adverse effects on local biota and humans.