Metodologias de preparo de amostras e quantificação de metais pesados em sedimentos do Ribeirão Samambaia, Catalão-GO, empregando Espectrometria de Absorção Atômica
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Data
2014-01-27
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
Ensuring water quantity and quality for all human beings has been a very discussed
topic nowadays. The River Samambaia, watershed that supplies the city of Catalão, has
been suffering with anthropogenic actions and the consequences of human intervention.
To evaluate the quality of water may be used: water, particulates and sludge. The
sediments can store dangerous substances and then can act as a secondary source of
pollution by releasing contaminants into the aquatic environment. Within this context,
the aim of this study was to evaluate the potential for contamination and the quality of
the River Samambaia, located in Catalão-GO. For this, samples of water and sediment
were collected at seven sampling sites along the river and the metals arsenic, cadmium,
lead, chromium, manganese and nickel, which are considered toxic, were quantified.
Was also performed, on the sampling sites, the analysis of physico-chemical water
parameters: pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, temperature and salinity. For the
extraction of metals fixed in the sediment samples was employed three methods of
opening: ultrasound assisted extraction, digestion in digester block and microwave
digestion. The quantification of metals was done by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry,
by Flame or by Electrothermal Atomization in Graphite Furnace. The three methods
opening samples used were effective, but the microwave digestion excelled in all cases.
Among the physico-chemical parameters analyzed, pH showed values outside those
permitted by law in all sampling points and dissolved oxygen showed the value below
allowed only in point 7. In measurements of metals in water samples, cadmium, lead
and chromium showed concentrations above the maximum allow by CONAMA.
Already for the quantification of metals in the sediment samples, only chromium
showed a concentration above the permitted limits. The results presented here indicate
that human activities carried out in the river have contributed to adverse effects on local
biota and humans.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Metal tóxico, Água, Sedimento, Ultrassom, Bloco digestor, Microondas, Toxic metal, Water, Sediment, Ultrasound, Block digester, Microwave
Citação
MESQUITA, G. M. Metodologias de preparo de amostras e quantificação de metais pesados em sedimentos do Ribeirão Samambaia, Catalão-GO, empregando Espectrometria de Absorção Atômica. 2014. 134 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Química) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Catalão, 2014.