Mestrado em Engenharia de Produção

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Navegando Mestrado em Engenharia de Produção por Autor "Espinosa, José Waldo Martínez"

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    Automação do processo de compostagem: uso de sensores para monitoramento e controle de parâmetros de um processo sustentável
    (Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2019-09-18) Silva, Janice Rodrigues da; Paiva, Ed Carlo Rosa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8015791628495184; Espinosa, José Waldo Martínez; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5055033961082674; Espinosa, José Waldo Martínez; Guimarães, Marco Paulo; Paula, Heber Martins de; Sarnento, Antover Panazzolo; Silva, Leila Roling Scariot da
    The growing production and disposal of organic waste generates an environmental, economic and social concern, which pressures, the responsible, the resolution of the problems caused by this factor. Thus, the creation of Law No. 12,305 / 10 and Decree No. 7,404, of December 23, 2010, the National Solid Waste Policy (PNRS), helps in the proper disposal of waste and sustainable consumption, providing the possibility of realization. waste treatment and reuse. Organic composting of waste is a form of treatment that requires the completion of a process that involves factors to be analyzed, technologies and equipment to be defined according to the capacity of each agent. Thus, the objective of this work is to monitor, in an automated way, a composting process, using sensors capable of real time data acquisition and control of the presented parameters. The materials for assembling the composting system were established according to the availability of waste and the determination of the process based on the capacity of the facilities and the tools required for analysis and process monitoring. The results showed that there is a need to monitor the parameters of composting processes, thus contributing to the acquisition of reliable data and providing real-time decision making; the windrow has points with different parameters at the same composting time; the center of the windrow does not behave the same as the outermost points; Automated monitoring can be applied to any composting process as long as there is daily monitoring of the entire system. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the composting system is a sustainable alternative to waste disposal problems and the process automation allows the analysis of the parameters that influence the optimized compost treatment.
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    Produção de adubos de liberação lenta utilizando a briquetagem de finos de calcário e melado de cana: estudos iniciais
    (Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2019-03-12) Marinho, Douglas Yusuf; Espinosa, José Waldo Martínez; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5055033961082674; Espinosa, José Waldo Martínez; Guimarães, Marco Paulo; Godinho Júnior, Mário
    Mineral agglomeration is a technique used to join mineral particles of fine granulometry. It aims to improve the conditions of application, storage and transport. The limestone, in turn, is a rock composed mainly of calcium and widely used as soil corrective, since it has the capacity to raise the pH of acid soils, besides providing Ca and Mg to the plants. Acidic soils are harmful to the full development of plants, since they negatively interfere with the absorption of nutrients. Brazil is the largest producer of sugarcane in the world, presenting great potential in the production of sugarcane molasses. On the other hand, the molasses, besides being an efficient agglomerant, also presents capacity of fertilization, since it has in its composition minerals essential to the plants, as it is the case of Fe, Ca, K, Na, P, Mg and Cl. Slow release fertilizers are those that gradually make nutrients available to plants. These fertilizers are proven to be more efficient than traditional ones because they are less susceptible to nutrient leaching, avoiding losses and contamination. In addition, large deforestation caused in our biomes, whether by agricultural exploration or urban growth, together with greater control of the environmental preservation areas generated by law 12.727 of 2012, create a potential growth in the demand for seedlings of native plants, the main niche application of slow release fertilizers. Thus, this work aims to propose, through preliminary tests, the creation of a slow - release fertilizer, composed of limestone (<400 #) and cane molasses, generated from mineral agglomeration by briquetting. For this, the generated briquettes were submitted to tests of mechanical resistance, such as tests of resistance to fall, compression and water action. The technical parameters of briquetting were used that presented better results in the resistance tests, according to existing works. The pressure used for briquetting is 3 tons for a time of 50 seconds. The briquettes were made in two different sizes, depending on the mass of limestone used, of 5 and 7.5 g. The percentage of cane molasses used was 8.5% of the limestone mass. The effect of curing time on the resistance of these briquettes was also analyzed, ranging from zero, five and ten days. The results showed that there is an increase in resistance of the briquettes with the curing process. The loss of moisture generated with the cure allows the crystallization of the sucrose, which contributes to the greater hardening of the briquettes. The higher resistance is reflected in the increase of degradation time under the action of the water, which would allow its use as slow release fertilizers. It should be emphasized that field trials would be important to prove their efficacy by conducting experiments involving one or more plant species, although this is not the objective of this study.
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    Sistema de Gerenciamento Ambiental (SGA): uma proposta para instituições de Ensino Superior (IES)
    (Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2019-03-11) Silva, Lays Capingote Serafim da; Bachega, Stella Jacyszyn; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6057931770645811; Bachega, Stella Jacyszyn; Espinosa, José Waldo Martínez; Paiva, Ed Carlo Rosa
    Environmental problems are a concern of all organizations, including Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). In addition to the responsibility to disseminate technical knowledge, they should educate students to have public awareness about sustainability, as well as being examples within their university campuses, developing actions to reduce and control the environmental impacts generated by them. This dissertation deals with the first strategy of this approach, with the general objective of proposing an EMS model directed to HEI and considering environmental practices in the areas of teaching, research and extension, with a view to the continuous improvement and quality of life of the academic community. The SGA is defended in the literature as a successful tool for HEIs, for managing environmental problems and benefiting campus sustainability. Thus, in order to comply with the general objective, SGA models for HEI were identified in the literature to analyze the structure employed and the practices performed. ANBT NBR ISO 14001: 2015 was the reference that this study is oriented towards the elaboration of the EMS model, so the structure, as well as the procedures and orientations of the norm are used in this proposal. The indicators for the evaluation of environmental performance in the EMS, as well as actions in the scope of teaching, research and extension were obtained through the analysis of important studies in the area of environmental management. As for methodological procedures, the scientific explanation is hypothetical - deductive, since a proposition is analyzed; the research approach is qualitative; the research procedure is the theoretical-conceptual and content analysis was the technique of data analysis. A theoretical framework was used that represents the steps performed for the construction of the proposed model. The main results were: (a) the finding that ISO 14001 is the most used standard, but there are many difficulties for its implementation in Brazil, having only one Brazilian university with the implementation and certification, (b) identifying the relevance of this study (c) the differentials of the proposed model in comparison to the other EMS models, highlighting the particularities in the structure, guidelines for implementation, examples of effective practices for each stage, proposition of three groups of indicators, one of them being the Balanced Scorecard (BSC), in addition to the quality tools that are indicated in some stages of the model. Also, this work promotes contributions in the academic and business fields, insofar as it proposes a model of environmental management system that uses ISO 14001 as a reference; presents a bibliographical research on themes related to sustainability and enables the dissemination and understanding of the responsibilities of HEIs, as well as their role as environmental educators and agents of transformation.