Estudo da composição de material particulado e compostos orgânicos voláteis no ar em Catalão - GO
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Data
2015-02-27
Autores
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
The issue of pollution is not new. The burning of biomass used for heat generation
already was beginning to anthropogenic processes of air pollution. The pollutants are in
the atmosphere in solid, liquid and gaseous state. The set of solid and liquid particles is
called particulate matter (PM), and the other form the set of gaseous pollutants. The MP
covers a range of 0.1-100 microns and varies greatly in size composition, emission
sources and adverse effects on health. The gaseous compounds are formed mostly of
volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which are organic compounds which are gaseous
at room temperature. These pollutants can be emitted by natural and anthropogenic
sources, among which stand out the combustion processes and soil dust resuspension by
wind action. The city of Catalão - GO has grown greatly in recent years, mainly due to
the arrival of mining in the city exploring the carbonatite complexes Catalão I and
Catalão II. The aim of this study was to monitor the atmospheric air in a region of the
city of Catalan through the sampling and analysis of PM and VOCs. Samples MP,
which occurred every six days over a period of 24 hours, were carried out for TSP,
PM10 and PM2,5 in HI-VOL samplers suitable for each particle size. Gravimetric
analysis indicated that the measured concentrations are in accordance with the standards
set by law. The elementary MP analysis was performed by EDXRF technique and
indicated that the elements present are mostly from vehicle emissions and resuspended
soil dust by the wind. Sampling was performed by VOCs microextraction technique of
solid phase (SPME - solid phase microextraction) twice a week for 12 hours. The
analysis of the sampled VOCs was performed by gas chromatography-mass
spectrometry (GC / MS - gas chromatography mass spectrometry) in which the
compounds were identified by comparison with a NIST library / MS (National Institute
of Standards and Technology / Mass Spectral) present in the equipment. The
identification of these compounds indicated a strong influence of vehicle emissions in
the composition of atmospheric air.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Poluição atmosférica, MP, COV, Air pollution, PM, VOCs
Citação
SANTOS, Rafaela Souza. Estudo da composição de material particulado e compostos orgânicos voláteis no ar em Catalão - GO. 2015. 94 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Química) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Catalão, 2015.