Mestrado em Química - PPGQ

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Navegando Mestrado em Química - PPGQ por Autor "Assunção, Geiza Pereira de"

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    Avaliação da produção de metano no biogás frente a diferentes diluições do dejeto bovino e a influência nutricional
    (Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2020-07-20) Assunção, Geiza Pereira de; Figueiredo, Alberthmeiry Teixeira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7026388762536003; Sarmento, Antorver Panazzolo; Barrado, Cristiano Morita; Figueiredo, Alberthmeiry Teixeira de
    The effluent resulting from the confinement of ruminant animals, specifically dairy cows, exhibits a high concentration of organic matter and contaminating agents that pose a threat to the environment as a result of their improper handling. One of the solutions found to treat and minimize the amount of these residues and, consequently, the pollutants produced is to use the residual organic matter as a sustainable energy source. An example is the use of the waste of these animals as a source of energy, both thermal and electrical, through the production and use of biogas. Thus, the main object of study of this work was to evaluate the effect of anaerobic biodegradability of bovine manure in controlled conditions of temperature and agitation, testing different dilution factors, linked to the diet of dairy cows for the improvement of methane production, in scale laboratory by batch system. The work is divided into two stages. The first was the optimization of the dilution in the efficiency of methane production, where the sample of crude manure (without diluting) was studied in addition to the dilutions 1:2; 1:6 and 1:10 (manure / water) and the influence of animal nutrition as a second stage. The biodigesters were evaluated from the efficiency of removal of organic matter (O.M.) in the physical-chemical analyzes of COD, BOD, and TVS, and in the productivity of methane. It was found that the most diluted reactors were the conditions that showed the best results of O.M. removal both in the form of COD and BOD, however, the same behavior for methane production was not observed, since the higher methane production was directly proportional to the content of incubated organic load, that is, the reactors supplied with higher concentrations of bovine manure (lower% water) exhibited higher yields. With the aid of the modified Gompertz mathematical model, he verified that the excess of O.M., due to the non-dilution of bovine manure (R.1), results in long periods of adaptation of the microorganisms (lag phase), that is, a delay in production, about two months for effective start in methane production. In the second stage, it was concluded that animal feed supplementation directly influences the production of ideal residues (rich in energy and nutrients) for the biodigestion process, since the reactor (G.3) supplied with waste from the group of animals fed with greater nutritional highest load exhibited the highest methane production, about 107% more than the reactor supplied with group 1 residues lowest nutritional charge.